sabotabby: raccoon anarchy symbol (Default)
[personal profile] sabotabby
A few people have asked for my thoughts on the TDSB's decision in favour of black-focused schools. [livejournal.com profile] sonjaaa and [livejournal.com profile] troubleinchina both wrote good posts on the subject (here and here), and I recommend reading those too.

I'll preface this by saying that this is a divisive issue in Toronto, particularly within the black community and the activist community. It's also a rare example of my opinion reversing on a controversial issue within a very short period of time. In August 2007, I thought that black-focused schools were a terrible idea. Five months later, I support the plan, albeit critically. This about-face happened because of a) my experiences at OISE, b) my experiences in an actual Toronto high school, and c) heated debates with people that I respect.

What is the proposal?
First, to my American friends: Please get the image of desegregation busing out of your heads. This is Toronto, not Boston, and our skanky race issues are a bit different than your skanky race issues. It's important to keep this in mind when addressing the segregation argument.

The proposal as it stands is as follows:
• Go ahead with an Africentric school, to open in September 2009.

• Create and use a curriculum that includes the history and culture of blacks, as well as other minority groups, in three existing schools.

• Establish a centre for research and innovation, initially with York University, to look at helping at-risk students.

• Develop an action plan to "address underachievement for all marginalized and vulnerable students" in Toronto public schools.

That's it. It will be a publicly funded alternative school, not a separate system for black students. There are already 36 alternative schools in Toronto, including the Triangle Program, which is queer-focused.

Black kids are currently dropping out of Toronto schools at a rate of 40%.

Why I support the plan

In order to agree that the plan is a good one, one has to accept two things about the Ontario public school system:

1) The Ontario public school system is racist.
2) This racism is a feature, not a bug.

To break it down even further, I will divide the teeming variety of nuanced opinions on the matter into three overgeneralized outlooks: conservative, liberal, and radical. Viewpoints for and against black-focused schools exist in each one of these categories, but for different reasons.

We'll start with the conservatives. They're usually the people who think that the system is fine the way it is, or perhaps it's too leftist and too focused on equity. They'd like history classes to stay Eurocentric, English classes to focus on dead white men, and social studies to extol the virtues of the free market. If black kids are dropping out, it's because black kids are inherently inferior; they come from cultures that do not hold education as a high priority. They are failing on an individual level. They do not agree with point #1 (or if they do, they think it's a good thing.)

If a conservative supports black-focused schools, it's because he doesn't want black kids going to school with his kids.

Next come the liberals. By and large, they agree with point #1 but they can't wrap their minds around point #2. The liberals are the reasons why Africville gets mentioned in Canadian history textbooks and why my own high school textbook had one page per chapter on "The Role of Women." The education system as it stands, though originally set up by racist white men, can be made non-racist by making small adjustments to content (but not to structure). Maybe we can add one page to every textbook on "The Role of Black People," and put up a display for Black History Month in the library. And then we'll all be one happy family.

If a liberal supports black-focused schools, it's because she doesn't want to offend her black friends.

Finally, a proper radical ought to accept points #1 and #2. If you read my posts on education, you should start to see a pattern. If you don't, just keep in mind that white people kept black slaves in Canada and nowhere in Canadian history class is this discussed. Ever. The public school system is racist in structural ways. Radical supporters of black-focused schools realize this, and understand that the only solution is an entirely new curriculum and an entirely different structure.

I hope you're starting to see why I think radicals should support black-focused schools. But if you're not convinced yet, let's look at some well-intentioned objections.

OBJECTION!

This is segregation!

This is voluntary. Non-black children can attend the proposed school; non-black teachers can teach there. Likewise, black children and teachers can still be at mainstream schools, and most will be.

Toronto schools are already segregated. Most schools in the city fall into one of two categories: vocational and collegiate. University-bound kids go to the latter; kids who will go to community college if they're lucky, but will more likely go straight to work or even drop out before graduating, go to the former. The kids streamed into collegiates are mostly white and East Asian; the kids streamed into vocational schools are mostly black and Latino. (Desis and Middle Easterners go to one or the other along class lines.)

Pop quiz: In which category of school is a history teacher more likely to cover objections to the Great (White) Man Theory of history? In which category of school are discussions likely to be more critical and open?

Rather than segregating black students, black-focused schools will put more of them on an academic track than our present system allows for by teaching courses that speak to their experiences instead of giving up on them and shunting them into non-academic schools.

Well, now won't everyone want their own publicly-funded school?

Yeah, probably. But right now, there are arts-focused schools (I attended one), a queer-focused school (as previously mentioned), French-language schools, and exclusionary Catholic schools. There are girls-only schools and boys-only schools. There is even a girls-only feminist-focused school, though it's private, so beyond the scope of this discussion. So it's not a matter of "why are black people special?" so much as "why do other so-called special interest groups get alternative schools but black people can't have one?"

Oh, and there are white-focused schools, too. All Toronto public schools currently have a white-focused curriculum that celebrates the history, achievement, and aspirations of white people.

Isn't this just a Band-Aid solution? Should any school have a Eurocentric curriculum?

Yes it is a Band-Aid solution, and yes, the whole damned system's got to go.

But see my earlier point regarding whether racism in the public school system is a feature and not a bug. I can argue until the cows come home that the curriculum has to change, that a school system based on a factory model trains children to be mindless servants to the capitalist ruling class, that we need to radically rethink how we do public schools, period. I would like all schools to have good academic programs, and good art programs, and good tech programs, and curriculum that speaks to everyone's experience. (Also Latin; it'd be awesome if schools taught Latin again.) But I'm one hopefully-soon-to-be-teacher and my opinion is in the tiniest of minorities. The curriculum is written by ruling class white men and taught largely by exhausted and heavily constrained middle-class white people. If change to the school system comes, it will come entwined with broader social upheaval.

In the meantime, 40% of black kids are dropping out of school, and it isn't because they're failing. It's because the school system is failing them. This 40% will not grow up to make the social changes we all need because their options are being curtailed. We owe them more. Black-focused schools are an imperfect solution to a complicated problem, but at least it's a start.

So [livejournal.com profile] sabotabby, are you going to try to get a job in one?

A girl can dream.

Crossposted to PunkAssBlog.

Date: 2008-01-31 07:40 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] peterbilt-47.livejournal.com
Hey, all you had to say was "people of other races welcome to participate," and I'm totally on board. It's about time we simply acknowledged that there are totally different cultures and value systems living side by side on this continent, and they are very greatly delineated by race. And they all have their good points and their bad points, their things worth celebrating and their things worth wagging a finger at & making corrective prescriptions for.

Nice post.

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Date: 2008-01-31 07:48 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] jvmatucha.livejournal.com
The segregation argument was used in an American city that started a school strictly for homeless kids. The state threatened to shut it down for moving homeless children to their own school, claiming it would stigmatize them. The city pointed out that homeless children are more stigmatized in regular schools, and that by creating a seperate system for them they could attend their needs better. Plus there was castigtaion amongst homeless kids for being homeless. If I can find a link for it I'll post it.

CYA note: I am not trying to equate being black with being homeless in this comment! Heddin'm' off at th' pass...

PS - Will there be a job opening where the offical title is "Nice White Lady"? :)

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Date: 2008-01-31 07:53 pm (UTC)
ext_2721: original art by james jean (jamesjean.com) (giuliano bekor-tinkerbell)
From: [identity profile] skywardprodigal.livejournal.com
Hi.

I'm glad to see this post. Thank you!

Date: 2008-01-31 07:57 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] threeliesforone.livejournal.com
Don't forget about the First Nations School of Toronto!

I honestly think that a lot of this "this is segregation all over again" is a lot of racist bullshit in order to scare people & shut down debate & discussion. It's fearmongering in order to distract people away from the real issue: schools are unhealthy places to learn. I dropped out of high school three fucking times before getting my diploma & I barely functioned in the alternative school I went to as well. It was completely baffling to teachers & administrators: I was smart, I started out with good grades & I understood the concepts & bullshit I was supposed to repeat back & understand, so why couldn't I go to class? & When I did go, why was did I go stoned? I was a nice, white girl (& so was my sister, who had the exact same issues as me, only she never went back after she dropped out at 15) what the hell was my problem? Because of being white, I got more sympathy & understanding than the black students in my situation... not to mention the fact that I wasn't directly suffering from a racist system. I still kept dropping out, though. At least I wasn't expelled.

I'd also like to add that schools are also segregated according to class: When you graduate from elementary school, you generally go to the high school closes to you (vocational or collegiate, yes). But even the collegiates are class segregated by virute of which neighbourhood they're in. Like in Scarborough, there are rich neighbourhoods & poor neighbourhoods.. & middle/mixed neighbourhoods. I went to a school in a mostly poor neighbourhood & I had friends that went to school in a mostly rich neighbourhood. Then we have schools in Scarborough like Pearson, in Malvern, Malvern being a mostly poor neighbourhood... etc. etc. etc.

I completely agree with what you're saying though... totally. My high school had a Afro-Caribbean history class (which I didn't take...being a habitual drop out). It was a total band-aid, token class, but it did affect how the students that took it (mostly black/west indian/trini/guyanese/etc., but there were a few white kids) felt about going to school. It was the same with the world issues class I took: the class used to be bullshit, taught by an old, white guy (not to villainize old white guys! I had a few great old white guy teachers) who was totally into the curriculum as it stands. The year I took the class, we had a brand new outta teacher's college teacher who totally introduced the idea of colonialism, racism & sexism into high school thinking. She was completely awesome (a nice white lady! ha!).

Fuck, I'll shut up now.

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Date: 2008-01-31 08:01 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] northbard.livejournal.com
One of the things I really appreciate about knowing (RL &LJ) is that your specific education and training means you are able to articulate the things I really want to express in a way that frees me from having to do so myself.

I consider it only efficient to simply befriend people smart enough to say smart shit for me and leave me more time for reading comic books y'see.

Maybe I should be paying you....

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Date: 2008-01-31 08:05 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] mistersmearcase.livejournal.com
Sometimes I hate the band-aid as a metaphor. It's meant to dismiss things (like my field, a bandaid if ever there was one) but the fact is, if you're bleeding, and there's nobody standing around with sutures, and there's a bandaid available, you might as well put it on. Metaphors: usually inadequate.

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Date: 2008-01-31 08:06 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] faithhopetricks.livejournal.com
Maybe we can add one page to every textbook on "The Role of Black People," and put up a display for Black History Month in the library. And then we'll all be one happy family.

Heh. I heart you.

Very nice post, clearly and calmly written -- you really made me think about something I'd otherwise just dismiss on first hearing. Which is good.

Date: 2008-01-31 08:17 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] florence-craye.livejournal.com
I've been thinking about this topic lately, and I love you for making it so clear and reasonable. I am all for it, but didn't have the words to express why I think it a good idea.

I am also amazed at the variety of alternative schools you have up there. We have a couple magnet schools and tons of private Christian ones. That's pretty much it.

Date: 2008-01-31 08:22 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ltmurnau.livejournal.com
Thank you for the very articulate and well-written post! You helped me to think about this with a lot more context - I had no idea there was so much variety in the Ontario system already.

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Date: 2008-01-31 08:47 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] goodlookinout.livejournal.com
OMG thank you for this post! I honestly didnt know much about this before and this was very informative, and, as always, an entertaining read :)

Date: 2008-01-31 08:57 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ladypolitik.livejournal.com
I was in the middle of trying to write my thoughts on the initiative, but you've already unpacked and fleshed it out so eloquently.

If I post about it now, it'd just end up being two lines: a link to your entry on one and "IAWTP" on the other.

God, I ♥ radical teachers.

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Date: 2008-01-31 08:58 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ex-melimeli728.livejournal.com
ooh! that is really interesting. i actually think that's an awesome idea, not from ideology but just from experience: the fact that certain environments can be safe and empowering in different ways as a starting point, and the fact that the american (maybe canadian as well) curriculum is so eurocentric and why make "changing the whole system" an idea that holds hostage any other efforts in the right direction? it is very different, but my cousins had serious problems at school and their family wanted to take them out and start a charter school, it failed, and they eventually did home-schooling. it's not the same thing, but since then it makes me aware of how children are like pawns in a game of what we want society to look like. we don't like the idea of a charter school, but we're not doing anything to change the ways schools mess people up, etc etc. and then it made me think that actually the school system is messed up b/c people want it that way. i mean it's messed up in the same ways that society and everyone in the community are messed up. why should the school system be any different? if there is cruelty and hierarchy and racism kind of in the roots of american society, why should schools not have it? why should anyone think it should be different? i met a teacher the other day who seemed to think it was right and good that she turn their students into little machines and almost abuse them if they don't perform on a snap of fingers. and i thought: i wouldn't be surprised if i met an american person like that, just any person. why should i be surprised that this attitude is within teaching?
oh, that was way off topic. but: i hope you can teach in that school some day! and i like how you put it: those 40% won't grow up to --make-- the social changes we all need. it's not oh poor blah blah blah. but that they are the future saviours of humanity (sorry, religious rhetoric), but you get my drift.

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Date: 2008-01-31 10:11 pm (UTC)
ironed_orchid: watercolour and pen style sketch of a brown tabby cat curl up with her head looking up at the viewer and her front paw stretched out on the left (Default)
From: [personal profile] ironed_orchid
Good post. They have a couple of indigenous focused schools set up in some places here. In theory they should be awesome, in practice, Koori students from other schools get moved there when they are viewed as "problems".

Date: 2008-01-31 10:33 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] montreality.livejournal.com
I read about this a few days ago on an online news website, and I was on the fence, honestly (I guess it first made the news last August and is now re-surfacing in the media?) You bring up very valid points, as you've had first-hand teaching experience and so would know more than the average person following the news :)

Honestly, I'm for it if it keeps those kids in school all the way until they finish. I hope there will also be a strong emphasis on the sciences and math, not just on the humanities and arts. The school should support the kids in whatever they want to do next (be it going straight into the workforce, or vocational training or university), but at least they'd have a better fighting chance if they decide to pursue post-secondary studies.

Here's to hoping you get a job there :) You already have a good part of the cover letter done, hehe.

Date: 2008-01-31 11:00 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ladypolitik.livejournal.com
Oh, also, as far as this initiative being a band-aid, and whether it will success in the long run (given the funding issues), a very idealistic and ambitious part of me thinks it can become a truly radical project, depending on the approach.

Have you ever heard of the Harlem Children's Zone and it's creator, Geoffrey Canada? While it's an American model, it's been quite a revolutionary project.

I uploaded a 2004 New York Times Magazine article about that particular school's model (PDF format). Do check it out. It addresses how and why the HCZ was created and how it overcame funding issues. Quite amazing. I tend to look to the HCZ as a source of possible inspiration.

Yeah.

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Date: 2008-02-01 01:17 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] patahistorian.livejournal.com
I'm trying to wrap my head around slavery not being talked about in schools. WTF?

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Date: 2008-02-01 04:21 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] esizzle.livejournal.com
I agree with #1 and #2 and I think this is a band-aid solution and that it's one solution out of many solutions. At the end, what really makes the difference is who is teaching the kids, not what they are being taught. Should Toronto ever decide to open up an Africentric teacher's college, I will be the first to get behind that.

Date: 2008-02-01 04:22 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] esizzle.livejournal.com
on that note, congrats toronto for keeping the black teachers out of white schools.
just kidding.
kind of.

Date: 2008-02-01 04:45 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] roter-terror.livejournal.com
Good post! I'm in agreement for the most part. I'm not sure that Afrocentric capitalist curriculum is going to be better than Eurocentric capitalist curriculum, but if nothing else at least the kids will have more pride in their heritage. And that's a good thing.

Date: 2008-02-01 05:53 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] ghostwes.livejournal.com
I was on the fence a bit at first too, in part because the media did not present all of the information that it should have. For example, the fact that there are other, similar alternative schools in place was not immediately obvious to those of us who do not live in Toronto (though I may be moving there soon, so I appreciate the heads up). This issue was presented as if the idea were more controversial than it really is.

Also, your friend [livejournal.com profile] ladypolitik made some great points in a recent [livejournal.com profile] canpolitik post, that made me approach the issue from a different angle, which was very much appreciated.

I can see what you mean about the school system being inherently racist--and I have teacher friends who would agree with that assessment--but is this not something that can be fixed, however slowly? Calling it a feature rather than a bug implies that there is no way to change it, and I really hope that's not the case. In the meantime, though, while it does remain a bug/feature, I have no problem with implementing solutions such as this.

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Date: 2008-02-01 05:59 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] punkistani.livejournal.com
40% of all kids? Man I wish I would have gone to school now with all these options. Maybe I wouldn't have been suspended and expelled so much. I'm very envious of people that don't link school with feeling withdrawn and down on yourself.

Date: 2008-02-01 07:28 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] terry-terrible.livejournal.com
You won me over, sounds like a good idea.

Date: 2008-02-01 04:47 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] beeblefish.livejournal.com
thank you! thank you! thank you! [livejournal.com profile] northbard turned me on to your post and it has made my day. My partner and I are living in Montreal and she does anti-racist education and it is really hard to do that here right now. She is applying to OISE for next year, and we both have our fingers crossed. Anyway, I'm gushing a bit because it was just so so refreshing to read that. Would you mind if I friended you?

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Date: 2008-02-04 01:02 am (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lopukhov.livejournal.com
There's an afrocentric alternative school in my hometown, right down the street from where Malcom X lived, before he moved out with the whiteys in the boonies. It's named after him, and it always makes me smile to see the little schoolbuses with "El Hajj Malik El Shabazz" written on it.

From the website, the daily affirmation is as follows:

"TODAY WILL BE THE BEST DAY OF MY LIFE! IT WILL BE A DAY WHERE I HONOR MY ANCESTORS AND MY PARENTS BY DOING EXCELLENT WORK. IT WILL BE A DAY OF PEACE WHILE I PERFORM ALL OF MY ASSIGNMENTS WITHOUT CAUSING CONFUSION IN MY CLASSROOM OR ON THE SCHOOL CAMPUS. IT WILL ALSO BE A DAY WHERE I RECOGNIZE THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF ALL PEOPLE, ESPECIALLY THOSE OF AFRICAN DESCENT. BUT ABOVE ALL, IT WILL BE A DAY WHERE I HONOR MYSELF BY STAYING FOCUSED ON MY DREAM OF BECOMING A SUCCESSFUL PERSON - BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY!!"


Sure beats reciting the Pledge of Allegiance every day!

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Date: 2008-02-13 01:29 pm (UTC)
From: [identity profile] lizw.livejournal.com
I'm here via [livejournal.com profile] marnanel's journal. This is very interesting to me because I have three (white) kids in school in a part of England where so-called "self-segregation" by black and Asian families in the education system is starting to be a matter of political concern. I am getting a whiff of blame-the-victim from that discourse that I don't like. My eldest son attends a school where the majority of kids are Asian, and I get a sense that most politicians don't take the trouble to understand why those kids' parents feel that other schools don't serve their interests.

I see some other posts on your journal that look interesting, so I am going to friend you. No obligation to do likewise, of course :-)

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